The terms ‘human trafficking’ and ‘modern slavery’ both refer to the crime of exploitation where persons, through force, coercion, threat and deception are made to work or carry out other activities against their will for the profit of others.
Human trafficking is a serious violation of human rights, including:
The right to liberty and security
The right to be free from cruel or inhumane treatment
The right to freedom of movement
The right to life
Trafficking can take various forms and may involve:
sexual exploitation
forced labour and domestic servitude
forced criminal activities
forced begging
forced marriage
illegal adoption
exploitation of surrogacy
More information on the forms of human trafficking can be found here.
Human smuggling involves the provision of a service (typically, transportation or fraudulent documents) to an individual who voluntarily seeks to gain illegal entry into a foreign country. It is possible the crime may start out as human smuggling but quickly turns into human trafficking.